DJ九和人 发表于 2020-10-14 18:49:29

七年级下册必须掌握的9大语法点大汇编!

                <p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 今天,小简老师要和大家分享的是新人教版七年级下册全部语法点,这样的归纳总结希望对你的英语学习有帮助,希望同学们本学期的英语学习能从量的积累到质的飞越,取得突出进步!</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">一. 情态动词can的用法</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">can+动词原形,它不随主语的人称和数而变化。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. 含有can的肯定句:主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. 含有can的否定句:主语+can&#39;t+动词的原形+其他。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">3. 变一般疑问句时,把can提前:Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+can。否定回答:No,主语+can&#39;t.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">4. 含有can的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">I can speak English.&rarr;I can&#39;t speak English.&rarr;Can you speak English? &rarr;What can you speak?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">二. what time和when引导的特殊疑问句</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. 询问钟点时用what time,询问日期、月份、年份时用when。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. What&#39;s the time?=What time is it?现在几点了?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">3. 时刻表达法:顺读法和逆读法。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">顺读法:&ldquo;钟点+分钟&rdquo;直接读数字。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">如:7: 05 seven five;8:16 eight sixteen</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">逆读法:借助介词past或to表示,要先说分再说钟点。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">a. 当分钟不超过30分钟时(包括30分钟),即&lt;或=30,用past表示。其结构为:&ldquo;分钟+past+整点&rdquo; 意为&ldquo;几点过几分&rdquo;。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">如:1:25 twenty-five past one</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">b. 当超过30分钟时,即&gt;30,用to表示。其结构为:&ldquo;所差分钟(即60&mdash;所 过分钟数)+to+下一个整点&rdquo;,to译成&ldquo;差&rdquo;,差几分钟到几点。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">如:4:38 twenty-two to five</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">c. 当分钟为30分钟用half表示,当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">三. how引导的特殊疑问句</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情况:</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数)</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">b. by+交通工具(单数)</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">c. on/in+限定词+交通工具</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">---How do you go to school every day?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">---I take a bus to go to school every day./I go to school by bus every day./I go to school on the bus every day.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. how far 用来提问距离,多远,其答语分为两种:</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(1)用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(2)用时间表示:It&rsquo;s twenty minutes&rsquo;walk.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">3. how long 用来提问时间,意为多久回答常用&ldquo;for+段时&rdquo;。</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">----How long have you learnt English?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">----For 3 years.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">4. how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间, 用于将来时态, 常用&ldquo;in+时间段&rdquo;来回答。</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">----How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ----In 3 hours.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">四. 祈使句</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">祈使句一般表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。一般以动词原形开头,句末可以用感叹号或句号。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. 肯定的祈使句:</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(1) 实义动词原形+其他 :Please look at that boy.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(2) be动词原形+形容词+其他:Be quiet, please.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. 否定的祈使句:</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(1) Don&rsquo;t+实义动词+原形 Don&#39;t stand there.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(2) Don&rsquo;t be+形容词+其他 Don&#39;t be so noisy.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(4) No+n./V-ing</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">No photos. 不许照相。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">No talking. 不许谈话。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">五. 现在进行时</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">现在进行时指当前时间正在发生的动作。常与now,at this moment,listen,look等词连用。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">谓语动词结构:be+动词ing形式</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">They are having class.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">He is eating lunch.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">变为否定句直接在be动词之后加not,其他不变;变为一般疑问句直接把be动词提到句首,其他不变。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">They are having class.&rarr;They are not having class.&rarr; Are they having class?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">He is eating lunch.&rarr; He is not eating lunch. &rarr; Is he eating lunch?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">六. There be结构</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. There be句型主要用以表达&ldquo;某处有某人(某物),强调存在&rdquo;其基本结构为&ldquo;There be+某物(某人)+某地&rdquo;,有时为了强调地点,也可把地点状语放在句首。</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">There is a book on the desk.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">On the desk there is a book.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. have表示&ldquo;某人拥有某人或某物,强调拥有和所属关系&rdquo;。</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">The man has two cars.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">3. There be句型中的就近原则,即be和距其最近的主语保持一致。</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">There are some pens and a book on the floor. =There is a book and some pears on the floor.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">七. 选择疑问句</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或以上的情况,让对方选择是哪一种,两个选择部分用or连接。选择疑问句不用yes或no来回答,直接在两个选择里选一个回答。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">---Is she tall or short? ---She is tall.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">---Can you play the piano or play the guitar? ---I can play the piano</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">八. 名词</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. 名词单数变复数规则</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">在英语里面,名词分可数名词(countable noun)和不可数名词(uncountable noun)。不可数名词没有单复数之分,用时只当单数词用;可数名词有单复数之分,一个的前面要用a或an,eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card,而复数即两个或两个以上的要作相应的变化,情况如下:</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(1)一般的词在单数词后直接+&ldquo;s&rdquo;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">book&rarr;books,pen&rarr;pens,car&rarr;cars,map&rarr;maps,cartoon&rarr;cartoons</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词+&ldquo;es&rdquo;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">box&rarr;boxes,watch&rarr;watches</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词去掉&ldquo;y&rdquo;,改成&ldquo;i&rdquo;,再加&ldquo;es&rdquo;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">family&rarr;families,comedy&rarr;comedies</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(4)以f或fe结尾的词,先去掉f或fe,改成&ldquo;v&rdquo;再加es</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">knife&rarr;knives,wife&rarr;wives,handkerchief&rarr;handkerchieves</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">(5) 特殊词,特殊变化,需单独记:</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">child&rarr;children,man&rarr;men,foot&rarr;feet,woman&rarr;women</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">tooth&rarr;teeth,sheep&rarr;sheep,deer&rarr;deer</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. 既是可数名词又是不可数名词的单词</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">chicken当&ldquo;鸡肉&rdquo;讲时是不可数,当&ldquo;小鸡&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">room当&ldquo;空间&rdquo;讲时不可数,当&ldquo;房间&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">fish当食物用&ldquo;鱼、鱼肉&rdquo;讲时不可数,当&ldquo;鱼的种类&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">hair泛指&ldquo;毛发&rdquo;时不可数,当&ldquo;一根或几根毛发&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">sound意思是&ldquo;一般性的声音&rdquo;时,不可数,指&ldquo;一次发出的声音&rdquo;时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">paper当&ldquo;纸&rdquo;讲时不可数,当&ldquo;试卷&rdquo;、&ldquo;论文&rdquo;、&ldquo;证件&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">time当&ldquo;时间&rdquo;讲时不可数,当&ldquo;时代、倍数、次数&rdquo;讲时可数;</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">exercise泛指&ldquo;锻炼&rdquo;时不可数,当&ldquo;练习、做操&rdquo;讲时可数</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;">        <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;">九. 一般过去时</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一般过去时表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态(与现在无关) 。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等过去具体时间状语连用。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">He was here just now.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">他刚才还在这里。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">What did you do yesterday?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">你昨天做了什么事?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一般过去时基本结构</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">1. 肯定句形式:主语+动词过去式+其他</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">I was an English teacher one year ago.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一年前我是一名英语老师。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">I bought a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">昨天下午我买了一条黄裙子。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">2. 否定句形式:①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn&#39;t,同时还原行为动词</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">I wasn&#39;t an English teacher one year ago.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一年前我不是一名英语老师。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">I didn&#39;t buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon.</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">昨天下午我没买一条黄裙子。</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">3. 一般疑问句:①was/were提到句首; ②Did+主语+动词原形+其他?</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">Were you an English teacher one year ago?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一年前你是一名英语老师吗?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">Did you buy a yellow dress yesterday afternoon?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">昨天下午你买了一条黄裙子吗?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: 700;"><span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句</span></span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">What were you one year ago?</span></p><p style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 10px 0px 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(25, 25, 25); font-family: 'PingFang SC', Arial, 微软雅黑, 宋体, simsun, sans-serif; line-height: 30px;">          <span style="border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px;">一年前你是做什么的?</span></p>                  
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