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“what还是how？”——感叹句语法归纳 | | 句型 | 例句 | 备注 | | what | What +a/an+形容词+单数名词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | What a careful girl she is! | 该句型在考试中常用来考查不可数名词。 | | What +形容词+复数名词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | What careful students they are! | | | What +形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | What great fun! | | | What +名词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | What fun! | 该句型出现较少，只需记住该例句即可。 | | how | How+形容词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | How careful she is! | How后面到底跟形容词还是副词关键在于句子的谓语动词是行为动词还是系动词，如为系动词则用形容词，否则用副词。 | | How +副词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | How carefully she does her homework! | | How +形容词+a+名词(+主语+谓语+其它成分) | How careful a girl she is! | 该句型不是初中教学内容，仅作拓展之用。 | | How+主语+谓语 | How time flies! | 该句型不是初中教学内容，仅作拓展之用。 |
感叹句使用注意事项： 1、 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。 2、 判断感叹句用what还是how引导，应记住what后面跟的是名词短语，而how后面跟的是形容词或副词，之后才是 句子的主语和谓语等。换言之，how引导的感叹句中第三个词一定是句子的主语。找准感叹句中的主语是判断的重要步骤。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 该句中beautiful flowers为名词词组，主语为they。 How beautiful the flowers are!该句中第三个词和第四个词合起来构成主语。 3、 感叹句可以还原成陈述句，遇到复杂的句式，先还原成陈述句往往是重要的一步。 如：感叹句：What a big classroom it is! 陈述句：It is a big classroom. 4、 What和how引导的感叹句大多数时候可以互换，意思不变。 What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is! 5、 感叹句中不能出现very。 江苏13城市中考试题汇编： ( ) 1.----You can’t imagine ______ great fun chatting online is. (2011南京) ----Really? But it may cause you a lot of trouble. A. what B. how C.why D. whether ( ) 2.----________ expensive mobile phone it is! (2011常州/镇江) ----Yes, but I think _________ style is quite fashionable. A. What a; a B. How; the C. What an; the D. How an; the ( ) 3.----Look! That teacher is explaining something to her students again and again!(2011南通) ----_________ teacher she is! A. How patient B. What patient C. How apatient D. What a patient ( ) 4._______ interesting it is to go sailing in Qindao in summer! A. What B. Whatan C. How D. How an ( ) 5.----Listen! Someone is playing the piano. (2011扬州) ----Wow! ______ beautiful music! I like it very much. A. What B. Howa C. Whata D. How ( ) 6.----_______ beautiful day it is! Let’s go and have a picnic in the park. ----Good idea! (2010南京) A. How B. Howa C.What D. What a ( ) 7.----Have you seen the film Alice in Wonderland? ----Yes. _______ wonderful film it is! (2010连云港) A. What B.What a C.How D. How a ( ) 8._________ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. (2010常州) A. What a B.What C.How D. How a ( ) 9.----Kate has won the first prize in the singing competition. ----_______ pleasant surprise this gave her classmates! (2010无锡) A. What B.How C. Whata D. How a ( ) 10.----With the help of ORBIS doctors, the boy can see again. ----______ he is! (2010泰州) A. What lucky B. What a luck C. Howluck D. How lucky ( ) 11.----_______ wonderful dictionary it is! Thank you for buying me such a usefulpresent. ----I’m glad you like it. (2010镇江) A. What a B.What C. How a D. How 1-5 AC DCA 6-11 DBACDA. ( ) 12. ________great man Huang Furong is! He lost his life while saving the students in the Yushuearthquake. (2010宿迁) A.How B. Howa C.What D. What a ( ) 13. ----Look,______ dirty the water is! (09连云港) ----Yes, we should really take some actions to deal with it. A. whata B.what C.how D. how a ( ) 14. How hard thenoise made it for us __________! (09淮安) A. fellasleep B. fall asleep C. to fall asleep D. falling asleep ( ) 15. ----What isMum cooking in the kitchen? (09扬州) ----Fish, I guess. How nice it ________! A.looks B. sounds C.tastes D. smells ( ) 16. ________dangerous it is to ride fast on a busy road! (08南京） A.What B. What a C. How D. How a ( ) 17. ----________the candle is! (08常州） ----Thank you for saying so! It took me three days to find it in the shop. A. Howuseless B. Such a nice gift C. What a useless thing D. What a nice gift ( ) 18. The young mancame riding full speed down the road on his bicycle. _____ it was! (08苏州） A. Howdangerous the scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How adangerous scene D. What a dangerous scene ( ) 19. _______weather it is! Let's go out for a picnic. (08扬州） A. Whatgood B. What bad C. How good D. How bad ( ) 20. "______you've made! But you should work still harder, "the teacher said to theboy. (08南通） A. What a bigmistake B. How big mistakes C. What greatprogress D. How great progress ( ) 21. ----_______wonderful music! ----Yes, it's written by Jay Chou, a pop singer. (08镇江） A. What B. Whata C. How D. How a
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